Monitoring AND evaluation of transformers are essential to prevent their insulation failure. In this paper, the use of 2-furan-carboxaldehyde (2-FAL) AND methanol (MeOH) CONCENTRATIONs as the main products of paper insulation degradation, AND insulation condition markers, has been studied. In order to study the degradation process AND production of degradation products, the thermal aging process of the transformer insulation system was implemented in laboratory conditions. The results of laboratory studies show that in the early stages of degradation the amount of MeOH is significant compared to 2-FAL. Also, the estimation of the degree of polymerization (DP) in the early stages of degradation (DP>800) through MeOH CONCENTRATION AND with decreasing DP (DP <800) through 2-FAL CONCENTRATION is closer to the real value. The results of studies performed on 35 DISTRIBUTION transformers confirm the production of significant amounts of MeOH in the early stages of degradation. Also, the estimated DP values for the studied transformers were obtained through 2-FAL AND MeOH CONCENTRATION. The results show that estimating the amount of DP through MeOH CONCENTRATION is associated with a probability of error of about 9% compared to estimating DP through 2-FAL CONCENTRATION.

Study of turbidity current hydrodynamics plays an important role in increasing the economical life of dams though reduction in sediment accumulation. In the present experimental study, the effect of entrance densimetric Froude number of turbidity current in sub AND super critical conditions (Fr=0.6-3.5) have been tested through effect of channel slope AND change related to opening height of entrance gate on VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION of flow VELOCITY AND currents' thickness under two dimensional flow conditions. The experiments were run in a 12 mlong by 0.2 m-wide by 0.5 m-high channel. Kaolin with the specific gravity of 2.65 AND the mean particle diameter, D50, equal to 4.5 mm, was used as the cohesive suspended material. The results show that due to increasing in Froude number of entrance flow, the thickness of the turbidity current was increased while the layer-averaged VELOCITY was decreased in the longitudinal direction. When the inlet densimetric Froude number reaches 0.7, the turbidity current tends to reach to a stable condition. Also the results show that the equivalent height of average VELOCITY is about 0.8 times of the depth-averaged thickness of the current.

The current study aimed to optimize artificial insemination in aged broiler breeder hens in two experiments. In the first experiment, the effect of (two) different diluted semen temperatures (5 AND 25 °C) of Hubbard rooster (40 roosters, 58 weeks of age) on fertility, hatchability AND sperm penetration (SP) rate in the perivitelline layer of Hubbard hen (180 hens) were investigated. In the second experiment, three (different) sperm CONCENTRATIONs (100 (C100), 200 (C200), AND 400 (C400) million sperm in 0.25 mL per hen) of Hubbard roosters (40 roosters, 62 weeks of age) on fertility, hatchability AND SP rate of Hubbard broiler breeder hens (270 hens) were explored. In the first experiment, the results showed that the temperature of 5 °C of diluted semen compared to the 25 °C, increased percentage of hatchability of set eggs, hatchability of fertile eggs, AND SP AND decreased early embryonic mortality. The results of the second experiment showed the highest percentage of fertility AND SP rate were observed at treatment C400. Also, in this experiment that highest percentage of hatchability of set eggs AND hatchability of fertile eggs AND lowest early embryonic mortality were observed at treatment C400. Return on investment (ROI) of the treatments C200 AND C400 was approximately 2.9 AND 1.4, respectively. In overall, the results of this study showed that (in attention to ROI AND hatchability) to optimize artificial insemination of aged broiler breeder hens we can use a sperm CONCENTRATION of 200 to 400 million in 0.25 mL per hens at 5 °C.

Different types of contact, including contact between node pairs, any-contact of nodes, AND contacts of the entire network, are used to characterize social relations in mobile social networks. Different modes of routing, from the point of view of message delivery semantics, encompass unicasting, multicasting, any-casting, AND broadcasting. Studies have shown that using probability DISTRIBUTION functions of contact data, which is mainly assumed to be homogeneous for nodes, improves the performance of these networks. However, there exists an important challenge in studies on DISTRIBUTIONs. A lot of works apply the DISTRIBUTION of one type of contact to other types. Hence in routing applications, it causes to use of the DISTRIBUTION of one type of contact for any mode of routing. This study provides a complete solution to model each type of homogeneous contact data DISTRIBUTION AND to use them in different modes of routing. We propose a routing algorithm that uses this new model. Results show that our solution improves the average latency of comparing methods Epidemic, TCCB, AND DR about 3.5-times, 30%, AND 45%, respectively. It achieves a delivery rate of about 5% AND 6%, AND average latency about 6% AND 8% better than that of DR AND TCCB, respectively.

To investigate the effects of water deficit stress AND bio AND non-bio fertilizers on Thymus Vulgaris, a split plot experiment was conducted based on rANDomized complete block design with three replications in 2017 in Asgarya agricultural field in Yazd. The treatments included water tension: W1=7 (Control), W2=12 AND W3=17 days irrigation intervals as the main factor AND bio AND non - bio fertilizers at five levels including B1= control (without fertilizer), B2= endo mycorrhiza (Glomus), B3= Azospirillum bacteria, B4= Pseudomonas bacteria AND B5= chemical fertilizer (NPK) a sub – factors. Results showed that the highest flowering branches yield, a, b, AND total chlorophylls AND nitrogen AND phosphorus elements were observed in 17 days of irrigation (W3). 12 days of irrigation treatment (W2) showed the highest potassium element rate. The highest a, b AND chlorophylls AND nitrogen were observed in Azospirillum treatment (B3). The highest total chlorophyll, phosphorus element, carotenoids AND flavonoids were observed in Pseudomonas treatment (B4); the highest potassium element rate were obtained in mycorrhiza treatment (B2); the highest flowering branches yield were observed in NPK treatment (B5) AND control (B1) treatment resulted in the highest anthocyanin

Study of turbidity current hydrodynamics plays an important role in increasing the economical life of dams though reduction in sediment accumulation. In the present experimental study, the effect of entrance Froude number of turbidity current in sub AND super critical conditions (Fr=0.6-3.5) have been tested through effect of change related to opening height of entrance gate on VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION of flow VELOCITY AND sediment CONCENTRATION under two dimensional flow conditions. The experiments were run in a 12 m-long by 0.2 m-wide by 0.5 m-high channel. VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION VELOCITY was measured by Acoustic Doppler Velocitimeter (ADV). In present study the profile of CONCENTRATION were computed through ABS method. The results show that due to increasing in height of opening entrance gate, the value of VELOCITY in profiles increase. Also height opening entrance gate with the value of CONCENTRATION in VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION have the non-direct correlation. Also the results show that the equivalent height of average VELOCITY is about 0.8 times of the depth-averaged thickness of the current. Furthermore, the results show that the equivalent height of average CONCENTRATION is to be about 0.35-0.5 times the depth-averaged thickness of the current.

A numerical study has been performed to analyze the effect of radial magneticfield on free convective flow of an electrically conducting AND viscous incompressiblefluid over the ramped moving VERTICAL cylinder with ramped type temperature AND CONCENTRATION considered at the surface of VERTICAL cylinder. The governing partial differential equations which describe theflow formation have been solved numerically by using implicit finite difference method of Crank-Nicolson type. The simulation results of the considered model have been shown graphically. One of the interesting result of our analysis is that the local as well as average skin-friction, Nusselt number AND Sherwood number have increasing tendency in time interval (0, 1), thereafter these quantities decrease. We have also compared the case of ramped type boundary conditions with that of constant boundary conditions with help of table. The advantage of taking ramped type boundary conditions is that initial heat transfer rate AND mass transfer rate are minimum in this case.

Magnetic susceptibility is an indicator of material magnetic properties that some of the mineral particles of the soil are not exceptional from this feature. The present study was conducted to determine the VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION of magnetic susceptibility (X), frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility (Xfd) AND its correlation with total iron CONCENTRATION in 15 soil profiles with igneous, sedimentary AND alluvial parent materials located in the central of zanjan province. The results showed an obvious effect of the amount of parent material lithology on the magnetic susceptibility of the soils. The maximum AND minimum magnetic susceptibility in the soils which formed from igneous rocks AND sedimentary rocks were found between 200-400 x 10-8m3kg-1 AND 42-158 x 10-8m3kg-1, respectively. Although, the soil formation process affected on increasing the magnetic susceptibility of it, but due to high levels of magnetic minerals in samples of igneous rock, the effect of parent material lithogenic on soil formation processes was high. Magnetic susceptibility in soils formed from sedimentary rocks was more than similar their parent materials that was the reason for pedogenic formation of ferromagnetic minerals. There was a considerable difference between magnetic susceptibility variation model in soils derived on igneous rocks with sedimentary rocks. In the profile of alluvial soils, VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION of total equivalent iron CONCENTRATION AND amount of magnetic susceptibility (118 – 567 x 10-8m3kg-1) were related to adjacent lAND unit parent material, chronosequence AND soil forming process. Total equivalent iron CONCENTRATION was in a same trend of magnetic susceptibility DISTRIBUTION.

Computation of longitudinal VELOCITY in the VERTICAL direction AND extracting the applied theories have been conventional manner from past years among the hydraulic engineers. In many previous investigations, the researchers have tried to extract some applied equations, separately, by dividing the flow depth namely from bed to water surface to various regions. As it is accepted by all of the researchers, the laminar sublayer zone has a linear VELOCITY profile while out of this zone, the VELOCITY simulation follows a logarithmic law which its accuracy in estimation of the VELOCITY decreases by increasing the distance from the bottom of the channel. Also, it is not applicable for dip phenomenon which occurs bellow the free surface. In the current study, 12 experimental data series, operated under different experimental conditions, were collected from previous researches. Also, three common theories of log law, log-wake law, AND modified log-wake law have been applied to simulate longitudinal VELOCITY profile in the VERTICAL direction. Finally, it is seen that the modified log-wake law has a better agreement with the experimental data, AND also it can be operated for predicting the dip phenomenon bellow the free surface. For solving the equation of the mentioned theory, the factors of von Karman, wake strength, AND shear VELOCITY are assumed unknown. Then, the mentioned parameters have been extracted using a non-linear optimization technique of the least square curve fitting.

In the present paper, the Zelt algorithm has been extended for ray tracing through an anisotropic model. In anisotropic media, the direction of the propagated energy generally differs from that of the plane-wave propagation. This makes VELOCITY values to be varied in different directions. Therefore, VELOCITY modeling in such media is completely different from that in an isotropic media.The VELOCITY model for ray tracing is parameterized in terms of blocky trapezoid cells where the VELOCITY changes inside the cells linearly. Thomsen's approximations in weakly anisotropic media were used to estimate anisotropic VELOCITY vectors. Rays were traced in direction of group vector in the VERTICAL transversely isotropic (VTI) media, whereas, the anisotropic Snell's law must be satisfied by the phase angle AND phase velocities across the interface.The synthetic examples are given to demonstrate AND verify the ray tracing algorithm. Reflected AND turning waves were traced through the isotropic AND anisotropic VELOCITY models. Lateral AND VERTICAL VELOCITY variation caused deviation on trajectory of the traveltime curve.The results show that the difference between isotropic AND anisotropic traveltimes increases with offset, especially when the ratio offset/depth exceeds 1.5.